81. At-Takwir · Grammar

The Collapse of the Universe 1–6

Ayah 1

1. إِذَااِذَاWhenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
2. ٱلشَّمۡسُالشَّمْسُthe sunNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. كُوِّرَتۡكُوِّرَتْis wrapped upPerfect · Form II

When the sun is wrapped up [in darkness]

Ayah 2

1. وَإِذَاوَاِذَاAnd whenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
2. ٱلنُّجُومُالنُّجُوْمُthe starsNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. ٱنكَدَرَتۡانْكَدَرَتْfall, losing their lusterPerfect · Form VII

And when the stars fall, dispersing,

Ayah 3

1. وَإِذَاوَاِذَاAnd whenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
2. ٱلۡجِبَالُالْجِبَالُthe mountainsNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. سُيِّرَتۡسُيِّرَتْare moved awayPerfect · Form II

And when the mountains are removed

Ayah 4

1. وَإِذَاوَاِذَاAnd whenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
2. ٱلۡعِشَارُالْعِشَارُthe full-term she-camelsNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. عُطِّلَتۡعُطِّلَتْ(are) left untendedPerfect · Form II

And when full-term she-camels are neglected

Ayah 5

1. وَإِذَاوَاِذَاAnd whenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
2. ٱلۡوُحُوشُالْوُحُوْشُthe wild beastsNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. حُشِرَتۡحُشِرَتْare gatheredPerfect · Form I

And when the wild beasts are gathered

Ayah 6

1. وَإِذَاوَاِذَاAnd whenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
2. ٱلۡبِحَارُالْبِحَارُthe seasNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. سُجِّرَتۡسُجِّرَتْare made to overflowPerfect · Form II

And when the seas are filled with flame

The Buried Baby Girl 7–14

Ayah 7

1. وَإِذَاوَاِذَاAnd whenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
2. ٱلنُّفُوسُالنُّفُوْسُthe soulsNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. زُوِّجَتۡزُوِّجَتْare pairedPerfect · Form II

And when the souls are paired

Ayah 8

1. وَإِذَاوَاِذَاAnd whenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
2. ٱلۡمَوۡءُۥدَةُالْمَوْءٗدَةُthe female infant buried aliveNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. سُئِلَتۡسُىِٕلَتْis askedPerfect · Form I

And when the girl [who was] buried alive is asked

Ayah 9

1. بِأَيِّبِاَيِّFor whatGenitive · مَجْرُور
2. ذَنۢبٖذَنۢ͏ْبٍsinGenitive · مَجْرُور
3. قُتِلَتۡقُتِلَتْshe was killedPerfect · Form I

For what sin she was killed

Ayah 10

1. وَإِذَاوَاِذَاAnd whenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
2. ٱلصُّحُفُالصُّحُفُthe pagesNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. نُشِرَتۡنُشِرَتْare laid openPerfect · Form I

And when the pages are spread [i.e., made public]

Ayah 11

1. وَإِذَاوَاِذَاAnd whenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
2. ٱلسَّمَآءُالسَّمَا࢜ءُthe skyNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. كُشِطَتۡكُشِطَتْis stripped awayPerfect · Form I

And when the sky is stripped away

Ayah 12

1. وَإِذَاوَاِذَاAnd whenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
2. ٱلۡجَحِيمُالْجَحِيْمُthe HellfireNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. سُعِّرَتۡسُعِّرَتْis set ablazePerfect · Form II

And when Hellfire is set ablaze

Ayah 13

1. وَإِذَاوَاِذَاAnd whenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
2. ٱلۡجَنَّةُالْجَنَّةُParadiseNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. أُزۡلِفَتۡاُزْلِفَتْis brought nearPerfect · Form IV

And when Paradise is brought near,

Ayah 14

1. عَلِمَتۡعَلِمَتْWill knowPerfect · Form I
2. نَفۡسٞنَفْسٌa soulNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. مَّآمَّا͏ٓwhatRelative pronoun · اِسْم مَوْصُول
4. أَحۡضَرَتۡاَحْضَرَتْit has broughtPerfect · Form IV

A soul will [then] know what it has brought [with it].

Gabriel, the Trustworthy Bearer of Revelation 15–21

Ayah 15

1. فَلَآفَلَا͏ٓBut nayNegative Harf · حَرْف نَفْي
2. أُقۡسِمُاُقْسِمُI swearImperfect · Form IV
3. بِٱلۡخُنَّسِبِالْخُنَّسِby the retreating planetsGenitive · مَجْرُور

So I swear by the retreating stars -

Ayah 16

1. ٱلۡجَوَارِالْجَوَارِThose that runGenitive · مَجْرُور
2. ٱلۡكُنَّسِالْكُنَّسِ(and) disappearGenitive · مَجْرُور

Those that run [their courses] and disappear [i.e., set]

Ayah 17

1. وَٱلَّيۡلِوَالَّيْلِAnd the nightGenitive · مَجْرُور
2. إِذَااِذَاwhenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
3. عَسۡعَسَعَسْعَسَit departsPerfect · Form I

And by the night as it closes in

Ayah 18

1. وَٱلصُّبۡحِوَالصُّبْحِAnd the dawnGenitive · مَجْرُور
2. إِذَااِذَاwhenTime adverb · ظَرْف زَمَان
3. تَنَفَّسَit breathesPerfect · Form V

And by the dawn when it breathes [i.e., stirs]

Ayah 19

1. إِنَّهُۥاِنَّهٗIndeed, itAccusative Harf · حَرْف نَصْب
2. لَقَوۡلُلَقَوْلُ(is) surely a wordNominative · مَرْفُوع
3. رَسُولٖرَسُوْلٍ(of) a MessengerGenitive · مَجْرُور
4. كَرِيمٖكَرِيْمٍnobleGenitive · مَجْرُور

[That] indeed, it [i.e., the Qur’ān] is a word [conveyed by] a noble messenger [i.e., Gabriel]